Gertrude Kasebier

Gertrude Kasebier was born on May 18, 1852 in Iowa. At age eight, her family moved to the capital of Colorado,where her father was elected mayor. Her father suddenly died in 1864 and the family relocated to Brooklyn, New York, where her mother opened a boarding house to support the family. From 1866 to 1870, Kasebier lived in Pennsylvania with her grandmother and attended Bethlehem Female Seminary. In 1874, on her birthday, a twenty-two year old Gertrude married a twenty-eight year old Eduard Kasebier. They had three children together, but soon grew apart. Gertrude was miserable in the marriage which inspired her 1915 photograph Yoked and Muzzled- Marriage. She even went as far as to say, "If my husband goes to Heaven, I want to go to Hell". She said that nothing she did was ever good enough for him, but since divorce was unheard of during that time, they just lived separate lives. Despite their differences, he helped put her through art school back in Brooklyn at the Pratt Institute, then eventually over seas. She returned to the U.S. because her husband grew ill and the family's finances were in shambles. Despite this minor set back, Kasebier continued to push her career forward and took on an apprenticeship at a portrait studio. She exhibited 150 photographs at the Boston Camera Club and at the Pratt Institute where she lso encouraged other women to take up photograph as a career. Kasebiers most famous pcitures are of Native Americans. Alfred Steglitz published six of her photographs in Camera Works and he became one of the first female members of the linked ring. She later had a clash with Steiglitz. She died in 1910.


Miss N
Clarence White Sr.
John Murray Anderson
Indian Chief
The Red Man

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Lee Gallery

John William Draper

John William Draper was born May 5, 1811 in England. He was one of four children and the only boy. His family moved around a lot. Draper was home schooled until 1822; he then attended Woodhouse Grove School. Then just four years later, he returned to home schooling then went on to further his education in 1829 at University College England. Draper married in 1831, they same year his father died. Then, Draper urged his mother to move to Virginia with him and his family in 1832 so that Draper could acquire a teaching job. He arrived too late to get the job, but instead set up his own laboratory and entered into medical school in Pnnsylvania. His sister financed his education. He later becme founder of the New York University Medical School. In 1839, he did important research in photochemistry. He made important improvements to the process used by Daguerre. Draper also took the first photograph of the moon. He died in 1882.

John William Draper
The moon

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http://www.virtualology.com/johnwilliamdraper/
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http://www.fotoart.gr/istoria/onephotoonestory/firstofmoon.jpg

Julia Margret Cameron

Julia Margret Cameron was born on June 11, 1815 in India. Cameron was the "ugly-duckling" among her two sisters. Her father was an officer oftheEast India Company and her mother was a wealthy French aristocrat. Cameron was a very well-known English protrait photographer, yet her career as a photographer only lasted eleven years. She started taking picutres in 1864 and ended in 1875. She was fourty-eight years old when she started taking pictures because her daughter gave her a camera as a present. Julia married a man twenty years older than her. She was a member of two photographic societies, one in England and one in Scotland. Cameron used a soft-focus inher portraits. Cameron had eveyone ofher photographs copyrighted. Cameron took fewer photographs when her family moved back to India and she died in 1879.

Julia Margret Cameron

Charles Hay Cameron
"Annie"

Henry Thoby Pinsep
Ellen Terry

Wikipedia
Getty Museum
Masters of Photography

Mathew Brady

Mathew Brady was born in Warren County, New York on May 18, 1822 to Irish immigrant parents. He is known as the father of photo journalism. He was an American photo-historian. Brady was Abraham Lincoln's favorite photographer. He photographically documented the civil war. He was almost killed on the battle field. He also got very lost and almost starved to death. Historians say that the Civil War is a much more popular topic for movies than is the Revolutionary war due to photographic documentation. Brady was a very dedicated man who loved his country. He started out as a portrait photographer, but quit his very successful business to travel the country during the Civil War. He went against the wishes of his family and friends. Before he quit portrait photography he studied under F.B. Morse, opened two photography studios (one in NYC and one in Washington DC), and created "The Gallery of Illustrious Americans", one of his most famous works. He also took the photograph of Abraham Lincoln used to create the penny and the old five dollar bill. Brady's early images were Daguerreotypes, but later switched to ambrotypes. He also photographed Andrew Jackson. He created the first modern ad in the NY Harold newspaper using different type face from that of the newspaper. He was losing his eyesight during his career. Many people speculate that during this time he sent out people that worked for him to take pictures and he just signed his name to them. He had many great photos, but his hard to tell which ones were actually taken by him. He died due to complecations in a streetcar accident heartbroken, alone, and in poverty.

 

 

 



Mathew Brady." Mathew Brady. Keya Morgan Collection, 2004. Web. 1 Feb 2011. <http://www.mathewbrady.com/index.htm>.

Mathew Brady." Wikipedia. Wikipedia, 28 Jan 2011. Web. 1 Feb 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathew_Brady>.

Felix Nadar

Felix Nadar lived between 1820 and 1910. He was born in Paris. He was a French photographer, novelist, journalist, balloonist, and caricaturist. He was is the father of Paul Nadar. Felix and his son were the fist people to take aerial photographs. He began taking photographs in 1853. Nadar barriers, or crowd control barriers, are named after Felix Nadar. He photographed Victor Hugo on his death bed in 1885. He also collaborated with his son on the famous photo interview of 101 year old chemist Michel-Eugene Chevreul. It is also said that Felix took erotic photos as well.

 


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http://www.profotos.com/education/referencedesk/masters/masters/felixnadar/felixnadar.shtml
http://www.1902encyclopedia.com/T/TUR/ivan-turgenev.jpg

Paul Nadar

Paul Nadar lived from 1856-1939. He was a French photographer, caricaturist, writer, and a balloonist. He opened his own portrait studio in 1853. He produced very natural portraits. In 1855, Nadar patented the idea of using aerial photographs in map making and surveying. In 1858, he produced the first successful aerial photograph from a hot air balloon. In 1874 he managed his fathers studio in Paris. In 1885, Paul and his father collaborated in making the first photo interview with one hundred and one year old chemist and color theorist Michel-Eugene Chevreul. In 1893, Nadar became Eastman Kodak's representative in France.







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art net
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http://www.galleribalder.com/imgs/news/6122_20512081654833a8f411fcf.jpg

Antoine Francois Claudet

Antoine Francois Claudet was born on August 12, 1797 in France. He was a photographer and an artist. He prouced Deguerreotypes and learned from Daguerre himself. He was the first to take Daguerreotype portraits in England. He improved on the sensitizing process. He also invented the safe light in the dark room and was the first person to use painted backdrops in portraits. From 1841-1851, Claudet had a studio on the roof of the Adelaide Gallery. He opened two more in the same area later on. Heinvented the photographometer, the focieter, and the stereomonoscope. He was inducted into the Royal Photographic Society in 1853. He died in London on December 27, 1867.





wikipedia
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Antoine_Francois_Jean_Claudet
http://www.edinphoto.org.uk/3/3_pss_members_claudet.htm
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Alphonse Giroux

Alphonse Giroux  was born around 1775. He was related to Daguerre. Giroux improved on Daguerre's photographic method. He then sold the first series of cameras internationally. He died in 1848. He may also have been a painter. (There is a lack of information)

 


http://camerapedia.wikia.com/wiki/Alphonse_Giroux
http://historical-cameras.blogspot.com/2010/10/alphonse-giroux-daguerreotype.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphonse_Giroux

Richard Beard

Richard Beard was born December 22, 1801 in England. He was an entrepreneur and photographer. Beard started out working for his father at their family grocery store. When he took over, the business thrived. He then invested in coal merchants and again, the business turned profits under his control. He was a great business man. In 1839, Beard filed for a patent for color printing of fabrics. soon after, Beard took an interest in photography. Beard entered into a partnership to create a new camera. Although the camera was poorly made, Beard sought out a patent and began recruiting help to improve on the instrument. In 1841, he opened the very first professional photography studio in England. He lost interest in the business and focused more on coal in the 1860's. Beard died June 7, 1885.
 
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Johann Baptist Isenring

Johann Baptist Isenring was born in 1796 in Switzerland. Isenring studied at the Munich Academy and originally was a carpenter. He was a painter, printmaker, and deguerreotypist. Im the early 1840's Isenring produced the first colored deguerreotypes using a mixture of gum arabic and pigments and applying heat. He died in 1860.




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Jean Baptiste Louis Gros

Jean Baptiste Louis Gros was born in 1793. He was a French ambassador. He was one of the first Daguerreotypists. He was also a painter. He died in 1870.

 

wikipedia

Francois Arago

Francois Arago was born February 26, 1786 in France. He had little to do with photography except that he was friends with Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre. He was the head of the Paris Academy of Fine Arts and Science. He helped Daguerre present his invention to the Academy before anyone else could steal the spot light. He tricked Hippolyte Bayard into "improving" on his invention before going public. He secretly did this so that Daguerre could take all the credit.



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Samuel F.B. Morse

Samuel F.B. Morse was born April 27, 1791 in Charlestown, Massachusetts. Morse attended Yale University. He made a living by painting. After his wife's death, Morse invented Morse Code and improved the telegraph. Slow communication caused him to miss his own wife's illness and death. Morse also brought the Daguerreotype to the United States, where it became very popular for a long period of time. He died on April 2, 1872 in New York City at the age of eighty.

 


wikipedia
http://home.clara.net/rod.beavon/samuel.htm

Anna Atkins

Anna Atkins was born on March 16, 1799 in England. Her mother died when she was young; she became close with her father who was a scientist. She learned a great deal from her father and became a very educated woman (not usual for that time period). She became a botanist and a photographer. She is credited with being the first person to put together a book with pictures and she is speculated to be the first woman to ever take a photograph. Atkins became interested in photography when she met her husbands friend William Fox Talbot, an English inventor and photographer. Atkins got her hands on a camera in 1841. Her book was called Photographs of British Algae. Anna died on June 9, 1871.

   

Wikipedia
http://www.rleggat.com/photohistory/history/atkins.htm

Fredrick Scott Archer

Fredrick Scott Archer developed the Wet Collodian Process in 1848 and went public in 1851. This process had an exposure time of a few seconds and a person could quickly and easily produce multiple positives of the photo from the same glass negative. Archer was never publicly recognized until after his death and he lived most of his life in poverty because he never patent his new process. There is very little biographical information on Archer. It is thought he he was born around 1813 and died around 1857. He was born in the UK. He is thought to have jointly created the Ambrotype with the help of Peter Fry.

   

http://www.frederickscottarcher.com/
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Hippolyte Bayard

Hippolyte Bayard was born on January 20, 1801. He was a civil servant from France, but took some time off to explore the world of photography. He is thought to have invented photography earlier than Daguerre and Talbot. He invented the method of direct positive printing. It is speculated that Francois Arago persueded Bayard to improve upon his invention before presenting it to the public. Arago supposedly did this so that Daguerre could present his invention first and be credited with the invention of photography. Bayard presented his findings in a thirty photo exhibition on June 24, 1849, but was too late. Daguerre beat him to the punch. Bayard felt cheated. He expressed this feeling through one of his most famous photographs ever taken- Self-portrait of a Drowned Man. Bayard died on May 14, 1887.





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Hippolyte Bayard Photo

William Henry Fox Talbot

William Henry Fox Talbot was born on February 11, 1800 into an aristocratic family. He was an inventor and was a pioneer of photography. He attended Trinity College and Cambridge. Talbot became interested in photography because he was not a very good drawer. He had his hands in many different studies, so his flitting from subject to subject cost him the glory of discovering a perfected version of photography. Although he had lost the race, he still went on to invent his own version of photography called the calotype process and became known as the father of photography in England. This process involves the use of negatives and positives, which is the basis for what was used up until the digital age. The technology he used for the calotypes already existed in pieces, he just put it all together. His first pictures faded due to lack of a fixing method, but after visiting Sir John FW Herschel, he learned of a solvent that would stop the fading. Calotypes were much less popular than Daguerreotypes because calotypes were "fuzzy" and Talbot discouraged public adoption when he aggressively sued anyone who tried to use his method. Talbot went on to start his own business with Nicholaas Hennenan creating photo albums for people. He also created several books with pictures. The most famous was Pencil of Nature. Talbot also did a lot of traveling. He died on August 17, 1877.







Metropolitan Museum of Art
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